MLB scouts traveling through Latin America don't see just a pitcher throwing hard or a batter hitting far. They look for five specific tools, but they also evaluate factors that don't appear on any stat sheet. Understanding what weighs into that decision is critical for athletes, clubs, and agents who want to be more competitive in the prospects market.

The Five Tools: The Universal Language of Scouts

In prospect evaluation, there is a standard language among scouts: the five tools. For hitters, they are bat speed, power, baserunning speed, defense, and arm strength. For pitchers, they are fastball velocity, off-speed movement (curveball, slider, changeup), control, endurance, and competitiveness. Scouts used to grade these tools on a 2 to 8 scale (where 5 is Major League average), though today many use a 20 to 80 point scale.

A prospect doesn't need to be an 8 in all five tools. In fact, few achieve that. What scouts look for is a combination: a pitcher might have a 7 fastball with a 7 changeup but only a 5 control, and still be attractive if he projects to improve that control. A hitter might not be the fastest if he has explosive power and solid defense.

The common mistake is believing that a single tool (throwing 100 mph, for example) opens all doors. That gets initial attention, but an organization invests in the complete prospect.

Projection: Anticipating Who He'll Be in Three Years

This is where the scout's experience makes the difference. They don't evaluate only what they see today. They project long-term potential considering age, physical maturity, movement mechanics, and context (what level of competition is he facing? what development opportunities does he have in his environment?).

A 17-year-old pitcher with a fastball at 88-90 mph who still has room to gain weight and strength might project to 93-95 mph in two years. That makes him more attractive than a 22-year-old pitcher already throwing 93-95 mph with no room for growth. Relative age also matters: a prospect who is significantly younger than his peers in the league he plays tends to receive more optimistic evaluations.

That's why tools like Smidrat, which record consistent metrics and allow tracking over time, help build that development history. Scouts don't make decisions based on a single observation.

Competitive Intelligence and Mental Adjustment

It's not romantic scouting, but it's real: scouts want to know how a player reacts when he makes an error, when he strikes out three times, when he faces a better rival. Does he fall apart or does his competitiveness sharpen?

They ask coaches, teammates, and agents about the player's character. Does he work on weak areas or does he settle for his strengths? Does he accept criticism? Does he show up on time to training? How is his English or his willingness to learn the language? These questions sound basic, but organizations that invested millions in prospects with exceptional talent but problematic character learned to give them real weight.

Some scouts even have private conversations with the prospect to feel out his mentality without the player knowing he's being evaluated in that aspect.

Environmental Context and Real Access to Talent

Latin America is vast. A player who shines in a small league in his city might not be close in a more competitive league. MLB scouts established in the region know which leagues are stronger, who the reliable coaches are, what level of competition each prospect really faces.

They also value access. If a player only shows up in closed tournaments or friendlies, and isn't seen regularly in official league play, scouts have doubts. They want to see repetition: the same player in multiple contexts, on days when he's not inspired, against varied rivals. A prospect who plays year after year in official league and stands out is more reliable than one who appears just once in a summer tournament.

Infrastructure also matters. A club with a serious training program, full-time strength and conditioning coach, and position-specific technical coaching produces more polished prospects than one without those resources. Scouts know this and contextualize what they see.

Physical Factors Beyond Current Performance

Physical evaluation: what is the player's build like? Does he have symmetry? Does he look overweight or strong? A hitter with a lot of body fat might lose bat speed as he ages. A pitcher without shoulder musculature might have durability issues. This isn't superficiality; it's risk prediction.

Health is critical. A prospect might have all five tools graded at 8 points, but if he has a history of recurring injuries to his ankle or arm, that dramatically reduces his value because it increases investment risk.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is it true that only those throwing above 95 mph or hitters with extreme power attract scouts?

No. Extreme individual tools attract attention, but they don't guarantee a signing. A pitcher with a 91 mph fastball, a 7-point slider, and excellent control can be more desirable than one with a 97 mph fastball but erratic control. Scouts look for balanced combinations and development potential.

How many times does a prospect need to be seen by scouts before being offered a contract?

There's no fixed number. It depends on how clear the scout is about the talent. Some prospects are seen 3-4 times; others, 10 or more. Scouts also share evaluations: if one sees a clear prospect, that report circulates among other teams. That's why consistent performance tracking is valuable.

Do scouts value prospects from 'known' clubs more, or is quality the only thing that matters?

Quality is the main thing, but the club's context influences it. If a player comes from a club with a good reputation for development, that gives him credibility. Scouts know which clubs have good coaches and which leagues are more competitive. A prospect from a strong club has an advantage because there's more confidence that the numbers he shows are real and replicable.

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